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Author Topic: NEPAL  (Read 13781 times)
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Natasha
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« on: February 08, 2008, 07:08:43 PM »

Nepal (Nepali: नेपाल [neˈpaːl] (help·info)) is a landlocked nation in South Asia, bordering People's Republic of China (Tibet) to the north and India to the south, east and west.

Until 2006, Nepal was officially the only Hindu state in the world. On May 18, 2006, Nepal was declared a secular state by the Interim Parliament of Nepal. On December 28, 2007, the interim parliament passed a bill and declared Nepal to be a federal democratic republic.[3] The current king, Gyanendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev, will be the last king of Nepal if the present ruling parties win the scheduled April 2008 elections.

For a relatively small country, Nepal has a diverse landscape, ranging from the humid Terai plainlands in the south to the mountainous Himalayas in the north. Eight of the world's top ten highest mountains, including the highest one, Mount Everest, are in Nepal.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal

National Anthem

"Sayaun Thunga Phool Ka" (Nepali: सयौं थूंगा फूलका, translates to hundreds of flowers) is the national anthem of Nepal. It was officially declared as the national anthem of Nepal on August 3, 2007 amid a ceremony held at the conference hall of National Planning Commission, inside Singha Durbar. Speaker of interim parliament Mr. Subhash Nemwang played the CD of national anthem amid a ceremony.

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Claus-Peter
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« Reply To This #1 on: February 10, 2008, 02:53:54 AM »

Some maps of Nepal:










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Claus-Peter
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« Reply To This #2 on: February 10, 2008, 03:13:13 AM »

The Flag of Nepal:


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Claus-Peter
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« Reply To This #3 on: February 10, 2008, 04:36:11 AM »

Some background information about Nepal from the CIA Factbook:


In 1951, the Nepalese monarch ended the century-old system of rule by hereditary premiers and instituted a cabinet system of government. Reforms in 1990 established a multiparty democracy within the framework of a constitutional monarchy. A Maoist insurgency, launched in 1996, gained traction and threatened to bring down the regime, especially after a negotiated cease-fire between the Maoists and government forces broke down in August 2003. In 2001, the crown prince massacred ten members of the royal family, including the king and queen, and then took his own life. In October 2002, the new king dismissed the prime minister and his cabinet for "incompetence" after they dissolved the parliament and were subsequently unable to hold elections because of the ongoing insurgency. While stopping short of reestablishing parliament, the king in June 2004 reinstated the most recently elected prime minister who formed a four-party coalition government. Citing dissatisfaction with the government's lack of progress in addressing the Maoist insurgency and corruption, the king in February 2005 dissolved the government, declared a state of emergency, imprisoned party leaders, and assumed power. The king's government subsequently released party leaders and officially ended the state of emergency in May 2005, but the monarch retained absolute power until April 2006. After nearly three weeks of mass protests organized by the seven-party opposition and the Maoists, the king allowed parliament to reconvene in April 2006. Following a November 2006 peace accord between the government and the Maoists, an interim constitution was promulgated and the Maoists were allowed to enter parliament in January 2007. The peace accord calls for the creation of a Constituent Assembly to draft a new constitution. The Constituent Assembly elections, originally planned for June 2007 have been postponed indefinitely.


For further reference:


https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/np.html
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Claus-Peter
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« Reply To This #4 on: February 10, 2008, 04:38:54 AM »

Nepali is the national language of Nepal; it has evolved from various hilly dialects over the last five hundred years. It was originally called as Khas Kura, and later renamed as Nepali. Since Nepali does not have its own alphabet and uses devanagari, Government of Nepal submitted alphabets of Nepal Bhasa (Ranjana Lipi) to the United Nations as a Nepali national alphabet. One of the the first written inscriptions in Nepali is found in the writing on stone of King Pratap Malla(17th century). This written inscription is also the earliest prose written in "Nepali".

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Claus-Peter
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« Reply To This #5 on: February 10, 2008, 04:42:42 AM »

Explore the fascinating culture of Nepal



Nepal's culture is greatly influenced by its music, architecture, religion and literature. Your first sight of Nepal may leave you speechless, the great quantities of temples, churches, monasteries and other religious buildings, the hurly-burly in the streets and the number of people and animals socializing on every corner of the narrow cobble-stone lanes.

Nepal has about thirty-six different ethnic groups and multiple religions and languages. Its music is similarly varied, with pop, religious, classical and folk music being popular. Musical genres from Tibet and Hindustan have greatly influenced Nepalese music. Usually, women, even of the musician castes, do not play music except for specific situations, such as at the traditional all-female wedding parties.

The architecture of Nepal is another art that has become an important part of the country's culture. Nepal's architecture can be divided into three broad groups, the stupa style, the pagoda style and the shikhara style.

Nepal is constitutionally a Hindu kingdom with legal provisions of no prejudice against other religions. The Hindu inhabitants in the country has been constantly over 80 percent since the 1950s. The second largest religion of Nepal is Buddhism, it is practiced by about 11 percent, while Islam comprises of about 4.2 percent of the population. The Kirat religion makes up nearly 3.6 percent of the population.

Nepal has many customs and beliefs that might be difficult to understand and not so easy to obey but this is the way of life to them and you should respect it when you are in their territory.

Do not feel offended if any Nepalese hesitates to shake hands with you because it hasn't been very long since the western traditions were introduced to them. Most Nepalese greet one another by a “Namaste”, a common act done by putting the palms together in a prayer like gesture.

It is customary to eat and deal with food with your right hand. They use their left hand to wash themselves after being to the toilet. Note that most Nepalese eat with their hands, forks and spoons are not very common.

Note that men and woman should always dress appropriately. Men should not walk or trek bare-chested, shorts are acceptable but it's recommended to rather wear long pants. Woman are recommended to wear long skirts that cover the ankles, because exposure of a woman's legs can draw unnecessary attention.

Showing affection between men and woman in public is not acceptable. So avoid kissing, hugging, cuddling or even holding hands in public.


Nepal should be a great country for a visit. For further reference:


http://www.nepal.com/

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Claus-Peter
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« Reply To This #6 on: February 10, 2008, 04:49:16 AM »

Mountains and monasteries are typical of Nepal







THE HIMALAYAN KINGDOMS of Nepal and Bhutan share a history of influence by Tibet, China, and India, and an interlude of British colonial guidance. Although the kingdoms are not contiguous, each country is bordered by China to the north and India on its other peripheries. Both kingdoms are ruled by hereditary monarchs and are traditional societies with predominantly agricultural economies; their cultures, however, differ. Nepal's Hinduism, a legacy of India's influence, defines its culture and caste-structured society. Bhutan's Buddhist practices and culture reflect India's influence by way of Tibet. The two countries' legal systems also reflect their heritage. Nepal's judicial system blends Hindu legal and English common law traditions. Bhutan's legal system is based on Buddhist law and English common law.

Nepal has existed as a kingdom centered in the Kathmandu Valley for more than 1,500 years (see fig. 1). The country is known for its majestic Himalayas and has nine of the fourteen peaks in the world over 8,000 meters, including Mount Everest and Annapurna I.

Modern Nepal began its evolution in the sixteenth century with the founding of the House of Gorkha by Dravya Shah in 1559. In the late eighteenth century, Gorkha conquests extended the kingdom through the Himalayas for almost 1,500 kilometers from the western boundary of Garhwal, India, through the territory of Sikkim in the east. In the early nineteenth century, Gorkha power came into conflict with the British East India Company. The resulting Anglo- Nepalese War (1814-16) was devastating for Nepal: the Treaty of Sagauli reduced the kingdom to the boundaries it has since occupied, less than 900 kilometers from east to west. For almost thirty years after the treaty was concluded, infighting among aristocratic factions characterized Nepal


A very interesting country study about nepal with a lot of details can be found here:


http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/nptoc.html
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Natasha
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« Reply To This #7 on: February 10, 2008, 10:43:59 PM »

Amnesty International Report 2007: Nepal

Included as an attachment is the very comprehensive 2007 report on Nepal or alternatively please go to: http://www.amnesty.org/

* Amnesty International Report 2007 - Nepal.doc (41.5 KB - downloaded 116 times.)
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Natasha
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« Reply To This #8 on: February 16, 2008, 02:09:48 AM »

Dal Bhat (Lentil Soup & Boiled Rice)

Ingredients:

3 cups of water
1 cup red lentils
1 Tbs. peeled minced fresh ginger
1 tsp. seeded, chopped fresh green chili
1/2 tsp. salt
1 tsp. sugar
1/2 tamarind concentrate
1 tsp. vegetable oil
1/4 black mustard seed
1/2 five-spice
Instructions

Bring water to boil in pan over medium heat. Add lentils. Reduce heat and simmer covered until lentils are tender, about 15 minutes. They should break easily when pressed between thumbs and index fingers. Remove from heat.
Puree this mixture with ginger and green chili in blender until smooth. Return to pan and bring to simmer. Add salt, sugar, and tamarind and stir to dissolve the tamarind. Remove from heat.

Heat oil in a 6-inch skillet over medium-low heat. Fry black mustard seeds for a few seconds. As soon as the seeds start popping remove from heat and pour contents of pan over the lentil mixtures. Simmer 2 to 3 more minutes. Stir in five spice. Cover and let stand for a few minutes to help develop the flavors. Garnish with lemon wedges and cilantro and serve with boiled rice.

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Natasha
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« Reply To This #9 on: February 16, 2008, 02:11:37 AM »

Pulau

Ingredients:

1 1/2 cup uncooked Bashmati rice
2 Tbs. vegetable oil
1 medium onion, peeled and chopped
2 2-inch piece of cinnamon stick
2 whole cloves cashews
1 bay leaf
4 ounces of cashews
2 ounces sultans (golden raisins)
1 tsp. salt
Instructions

1. Wash the rice several times and let it soak for 30 minutes. 2. Let the rice drain through a sieve for about 30 minutes. 3. Heat the oil on a large skillet over medium-low heat and worked the onion until it is soft. 4. Add the drained rice, cinnamon stick, cloves, bay leaf, cashew and sultanas, and stir fry the mixture for 2 minutes over medium heat. 5. Add 2 cups of water to the pan with the salt and bring to boil, cover tightly. Turn the heat to low and simmer for 20 minutes, adding a little extra water during cooking if necessary, until the rice is tender and fluffy, and all the water is absorbed. 6. Remove bay leaf and cinnamon stick before serving
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