Hi Luckyjudy and Welcome!
There are two scenarios if a loan goes unfunded. If it has been pre-disbursed (the majority of cases), that is, paid to the borrower before it was posted on Kiva, then the borrower has the money in hand and the MFI loses out on the refinancing of the loan. So the primary harm here seems to be to the MFI, which was expecting an infusion of capital that does not come through. If the loan has not been pre-disbursed, then the consequences are undefined. It may be that the MFI finds capital from somewhere else to fund the loan request (Kiva is not the only source of capital for any MFI), but we just don't know definitively.
Either way, it has a negative impact on the ability of the MFI to provide funding for the next loan, and the effort and cost of posting the loan on Kiva are wasted. Obviously this is not a good thing.
